Abstract: Nonsmooth phenomena, such as abrupt changes, impacts, and switching behaviors, frequently arise in real-world systems and present significant challenges for traditional optimal control ...

Abstract: Kalman filters (KFs) have become ubiquitous in modern-day technology with applications in medicine, robotics, and many others due to their straightforward implementation and impressive ...

Background Early recognition and accurate diagnosis are particularly important in the context of gastric cancer. This study mainly aimed to investigate primary care physicians’ (PCPs’) clinical ...