The phenomenon of osmosis is familiar to most readers from their junior high school science class. A dialysis bag containing sugar is placed in beaker containing pure water. It is explained that the ...

The shimmering of butterfly wings in bright colors does not emerge from pigments. Rather, photonic crystals are responsible for the play of colors. Their periodic nanostructure allows light at certain ...

Solute carrier (SLC) family transporters are crucial transmembrane proteins responsible for transporting various molecules, including amino acids, electrolytes, fatty acids, and nucleotides. To date, ...

Grain boundary segregation is a critical issue in materials science because it determines the properties of individual grain boundaries and thus governs the macroscopic properties of materials. Recent ...

Solute transport in heterogeneous porous media is a central focus in environmental science and engineering, with crucial implications for groundwater remediation, resource management, and the safe ...