Offshore pipelines are indispensable for the efficient transportation of hydrocarbons, necessitating robust design and rigorous integrity assessments. Fracture mechanics plays a pivotal role in ...
At-a-Glance: Conduct offshore pipeline NDT by combining in-line inspection (ILI: MFL/UT/EMAT, geometry/IMU) with external ROV/diver campaigns (visual, CP, UT/PAUT, eddy-current) under a risk-based ...