In recent years, the field of immunology has increasingly focused on the role of glycolipids and sphingolipids in the differentiation and function of innate immune cells, such as macrophages, ...

Innate immunity constitutes the body’s first line of defence against invading pathogens. This ancient, evolutionarily conserved system is activated within minutes of encountering foreign agents, ...

However, adaptive immune cells—so-named because they can recognize, respond to, and remember specific microbes—require four to seven days to mount a tailor-made defensive. 1 Meanwhile, innate immune ...

In 1901, Paul Ehrlich conducted one of the landmark experiments in immunology. While studying the immune response in goats using blood from other animals, ...

Researchers have discovered that mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines have a persistent effect on the innate immune system. These mechanisms may help the human body to better protect itself against potential ...

Cancer immunotherapies, including cancer vaccines, harness and amplify the immune system’s natural ability to detect and attack cancer cells. In this illustration, immune T cells (pink) attach to a ...