Peripheral edema refers to swelling in the extremities, such as the hands and feet. Learn more about its causes here.

The normal repetitive nerve-stimulation studies argue against a neuromuscular junction disorder. The MRI shows evidence of both a chronic (atrophy) and acute (edema) process.

Laser photocoagulation therapy involves using a laser to create thermal burns on the retina, which seal leaking blood vessels and reduce edema.

Medications like Firazyr block specific receptors involved in the swelling process, while Kalbitor inhibits plasma kallikrein activity during acute episodes.