The health of honey bees, essential pollinators in natural and agricultural ecosystems, is increasingly compromised by a complex interplay of pathogens and parasites. Recent studies have advanced our ...
Host–parasite interactions represent an intricate interplay between pathogenic organisms and their hosts, shaping evolutionary trajectories through reciprocal adaptations. This coevolutionary process ...
TORONTO, May 15, 2023 – Wild bees living in cities like Toronto are facing increased environmental stressors compared to those in rural and even suburban areas, such as more pathogens and parasites, ...